Remember Uniontown’s name. It echoes a fascinating chapter in Washington D.C.’s story. Uniontown, now part of the Anacostia Historic District, holds tales of suburban dreams and changing identities.
In 1854, developers envisioned Uniontown as Washington’s first suburb. They sought to create affordable housing for the city’s working class. Many of these workers were employed at the Navy Yard across the river. The developers were John Dobler, John Fox, and John W. Van Hook. They bought 240 acres from Enoch Tucker for $19,000. Immediately, they subdivided the land into building lots.
Uniontown’s original design included restrictive covenants. These rules prohibited the sale or lease of property to African Americans, Mulattoes, or people of Irish descent. Despite these restrictions, the community evolved. By 1880, about 15 percent of Uniontown’s residents were African American. Today, the area is predominantly African American.
Van Hook wanted to attract Navy Yard workers. However, the Panic of 1857 and the Civil War slowed construction. Despite the setbacks, Uniontown persevered. The Civil War brought significant changes. Fort Stanton was built to defend Washington D.C. after the First Battle of Bull Run. Uniontown found itself at the center of wartime preparations.
Uniontown officially got its name in 1865. But confusion with Uniontown, Pennsylvania, led to a change. In 1866, the area reverted to its earlier name, Anacostia.
Several subdivisions expanded the Anacostia Historic District in the late 19th century. These included Griswold’s, Green’s, and Avalon. These new areas maintained the architectural style of the original Uniontown. Horse-drawn streetcar service arrived in 1875. Electric streetcars followed in 1895.
Frederick Douglass, the “Sage of Anacostia,” also lived here. He purchased Cedar Hill in 1877, challenging the whites-only covenant. His presence underscores Uniontown’s evolving identity.
Uniontown retains much of its 19th-century character. Its architecture reflects its working-class origins. The houses are mostly Italianate and Cottage style. You can also spot some Queen Anne homes. Projecting porches and varied rooflines add visual richness to the streets. Residents chose their own porch trim, iron fences, and window details.
Anacostia’s citizens are working to revitalize the neighborhood. The Anacostia Historic District was listed as one of the nation’s most endangered historic places in 1999.
As you wander through Uniontown, notice the details. Appreciate the history embedded in the architecture. Uniontown stands as a testament to community, resilience, and change. It reminds us that neighborhoods evolve. They reflect the stories of the people who call them home.