How many creatures seek refuge in Warsaw’s hidden corners? Let’s talk about the Zimowisko nietoperzy, a unique sanctuary tucked away in the heart of Warsaw. Zimowisko nietoperzy translates to “bat wintering grounds”. This place isn’t just a historical curiosity. It represents a vital part of Warsaw’s ecosystem.
Warsaw’s parks, rich with old, hollowed-out trees, have become increasingly attractive to bats. Zimowisko nietoperzy offers vital shelter for these fascinating creatures. A study commissioned by the Warsaw Green Management Board revealed a surprising surge in the bat population. In the summer of 2023, a remarkable 479 bats from nine different species were counted across seven Warsaw parks. This includes parks like Żeromski Park, Fosa i Stoki Cytadeli, Traugutt Park, Saxon Garden, Praski Park, Rydz-Śmigły Park, and Ujazdowski Park. The most common species observed was the greater noctule, a bat previously known for its migratory habits. It now appears to be overwintering in the city’s tree hollows and specially designed bat boxes.
The diversity of bat species found in Warsaw is truly remarkable. The study employed a variety of methods. Researchers used bat nets, detectors, thermal imaging cameras, and endoscopes. They observed bats during box cleanings and winter roost checks. Beyond the greater noctule, other species identified in Warsaw include the serotine bat, the lesser noctule, three species of pipistrelle bats, and three species of noctule bats. In Rydz-Śmigły Park, the historic underground structure called “Elysium” provides a winter haven for at least 25 Natterer’s bats and a single brown long-eared bat. Interestingly, while specialized bat boxes like the ISSEL and Stratmann types exist, bats seem to prefer natural tree hollows and even birdhouses. During a cleaning of birdhouses in Mokotów parks, Warsaw Green Management Board employees found bats in 25 boxes.
The presence of 18 bat species in Warsaw, out of 27 found in Poland, underscores the city’s ecological importance. These bats, all under strict species protection, play a crucial role in controlling insect populations, including those pesky mosquitoes. The Zimowisko nietoperzy serves as a reminder of the hidden wonders that thrive within urban landscapes. It highlights the importance of conservation efforts to protect these valuable creatures. So, next time you stroll through Warsaw’s parks, remember the secret world of the Zimowisko nietoperzy, a testament to the city’s vibrant biodiversity.