“Chicago’s central artery.” That’s how some described South State Street. South State Street pulsates with a vibrant energy. A rich tapestry of history and commerce unfolds along its length. South State Street is more than just a street. It’s a landmark. It’s the backbone of Chicago’s address system. Its intersection with Madison Street marks the “zero-zero point.”
South State Street’s story begins long before skyscrapers graced its skyline. It was once part of the Vincennes Trace, a Native American trail and buffalo migration route. This trail connected Chicago to Vincennes, Indiana. Imagine Native American tribes traversing this very path. Later, it evolved into Hubbard’s Trail, a crucial link to trading outposts. The state invested in the road, leading to the name “State Road,” which eventually became South State Street.
In the late 1860s, Potter Palmer, a visionary businessman, recognized South State Street’s potential. He spearheaded a transformation, luring prominent businesses to the area. He persuaded Marshall Field and Levi Leiter to relocate their department store, Field, Leiter & Co., to State and Washington. He also built the iconic Palmer House Hotel. This marked the beginning of South State Street’s rise as a premier shopping destination. The street truly came alive in the 20th century. It earned a place in the heart of Chicago culture. It’s immortalized in the song “Chicago” as “State Street, that great street.”
In 1979, a bold experiment transformed a portion of South State Street into a pedestrian mall. This was an attempt to revitalize the area amidst changing shopping habits and the rise of suburban malls. However, it wasn’t without its challenges. The mall eventually reopened to traffic in 1996 under Mayor Richard M. Daley’s leadership. South State Street faced competition from Michigan Avenue’s Magnificent Mile. But it never lost its charm. Projects aimed at restoring its retail prominence continue. Today, the street boasts a mix of retail, residential, and commercial spaces. Macy’s Chicago, the world’s second-largest department store, stands as a testament to South State Street’s enduring appeal.
Over the years, South State Street has seen a parade of iconic names grace its storefronts. Carson Pirie Scott’s flagship store, a century-old landmark, closed its doors in 2007. Later, Target took over the historic building. Walgreens established its flagship location at Randolph Street in 2012. Even Michael Jordan opened his first store, 32 South State, here. The street continues to evolve. It welcomes new retailers, adapting to the ever-changing retail landscape.
As you stand on South State Street today, take a moment to appreciate the layers of history beneath your feet. From a Native American trail to a bustling commercial hub, South State Street’s journey is a reflection of Chicago’s own dynamic spirit. It’s a story of ambition, transformation, and resilience. South State Street continues to be a vital part of Chicago’s story.