Hidden within Lisbon’s bustling Pombaline Downtown lies the Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Oliveira. Its facade is so unassuming you could easily walk past it daily. A simple triangular pediment a cross an olive branch and a small bell tower hint at its sacred nature.
The Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Oliveira boasts a fascinating history. Founded sometime between the 13th and 14th centuries its origins are linked to Pedro Esteves a wealthy merchant from Guimarães and his wife Clara Geraldes. Their graves were even found within the church. The couple commissioned this small church dedicated to Our Lady and Saint Eloy patron saint of jewelers and goldsmiths. The name Senhora da Oliveira or Oliveirinha meaning Lady of the Olive Tree may stem from a nearby olive tree. However an older cult to Senhora da Oliveira in Guimarães is considered more likely.
Later the brotherhood of confectioners acquired the ruined church. They rebuilt it only to have it completely destroyed in the devastating 1755 earthquake. Contrary to popular belief the brotherhood didn’t simply relocate. Careful study of pre and post-earthquake maps reveals they successfully rebuilt the Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Oliveira in its original location. This shows their considerable influence and power.
The Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Oliveira is far more than a modest place of worship. Step inside and be amazed by its stunning tile panels from the Rato Royal Factory of Crockery. These panels rich in shell and plant motifs cherubs and angels depict scenes from the life of the Virgin Mary. Executed in the late 18th century during the reign of Queen Maria I they are stylistically inspired by the blue and white Baroque style of King João V.
Eight panels narrate these stories. The Birth of the Virgin the Presentation at the Temple and the Marriage of the Virgin are on the left. On the right are the Annunciation the Nativity and the Flight into Egypt. The Assumption and Death of the Virgin adorn the chancel.
The altar itself is a masterpiece. It features a crowned statue of the patron saint Senhora da Oliveira. Statues of Saint Anthony and Saint Eloy are in lateral niches. A statue of Saint Rita of Cascia from the former Church of São Julião is also present. The ceiling paintings and gilded wood work add to its beauty.
The Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Oliveira is a hidden gem. It’s a testament to resilience faith and artistic beauty. It’s a place where history art and spirituality intertwine. A true treasure of Lisbon.