Peeking out from the verdant hills, Baabda District unfolds a rich tapestry of Lebanese history. It sits south and east of Beirut. Sometimes, it’s called “Southern Matn District”.
Baabda District’s story stretches back through time. The district capital is the city of Baabda. Baabda once served as the capital of the autonomous Ottoman Mount Lebanon from 1861 to 1918.
Baabda is not just about history. It is also a place of diverse communities. Maronite Catholics, Shia Muslims, and Druze call this district home. The Shia Muslims live mainly along the coast. This area is south of Beirut, known as Dahieh. The Druze live inland, in the mountainous areas.
Baabda District holds six seats in Lebanon’s Parliament. Three are for Maronite Catholics. Two are for Shia Muslims. One is for the Druze.
Baabda also boasts ancient amber sites. These sites date back 120 million years. Among the finds are some of the oldest lizards, including the Baabdasaurus. Many insects have also been discovered.
Baabda’s landscape is dotted with charming towns. Abadieh and Ain el Remmaneh are among them. So are Araya and Arbiniyeh. Each town adds its unique character to the district.
Baabda is home to many foreign embassies. Italian and Japanese embassies are here. Jordanian and Polish embassies are too. You will also find the Ukrainian, Romanian, Indonesian, and Spanish embassies.
The Ministry of Defense and other administrative offices are located in Baabda. Baabda is also known for its Ottoman Castle.
In 1956, Baabda Palace was built. It serves as the official presidential residence. It sits on a hill overlooking Beirut. Charles Helou was the first president to live here from 1964 to 1970.
From 1988 to 1990, Michel Aoun resided in the Baabda Palace. He was surrounded by loyal soldiers. During the War of Liberation, Syrian forces attacked it. This forced Aoun to seek shelter in the French Embassy in Baabda.
Baabda has been an important administrative center since the time of the emirs. Ottoman Turkish administrators made it their capital in the 19th century. Wasaa Pasha restored the Great Seraglio. He added new wings for police, administrative offices, and a law court.
Baabda is more than just government buildings and embassies. It’s a place of verdant hills. Palm, almond, and olive trees cover the landscape.
Baabda also enjoys a thriving wine region. The region’s unique terroir creates exceptional wines. The wineries blend tradition with modern innovation. Beiteddine Palace stands as a testament to Lebanese architecture and heritage. The Shouf Cedar Reserve is a sanctuary of biodiversity. Baabda Forest provides a green escape from city life.
Baabda District stands as a testament to Lebanon’s enduring spirit. It is a blend of ancient history and modern life. From its amber sites to its presidential palace, Baabda invites us to explore its treasures. Its story reflects the resilience and diversity of Lebanon itself.