Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo

Deep within the Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo’s fortress-like walls lies a treasure trove of Portuguese history. Imagine holding a letter penned by Pero Vaz de Caminha, describing the first sighting of Brazil’s lush shores in 1500. Here at the Torre do Tombo, this letter, a UNESCO World Heritage document, is safely preserved. The Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo is not just a building. It’s a living testament to Portugal’s rich past, established way back in 1378. It stands as one of the world’s oldest archival institutions. Its very name, “Tower of the Tome,” whispers tales of its original home within the walls of Lisbon’s São Jorge Castle. The Torre do Tombo has witnessed dramatic events, including the devastating 1755 Lisbon earthquake. Manuel da Maia, the Keeper at the time, bravely rescued nearly 90,000 documents. This heroic act ensured their survival and eventual relocation to the Convent of São Bento. The archive’s current home, inaugurated in 1990, was purposefully built to safeguard its invaluable collection. This imposing structure, with its austere cement walls and small, square windows, evokes a sense of permanence and security. The Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo’s collection spans twelve centuries. It includes documents predating the Kingdom of Portugal, records from the Inquisition, and even the agreement that brought Portugal into the European Economic Community. The archive houses an impressive 140 kilometers of shelving. Within these shelves, you’ll find the Book of Fortresses, the Apocalypse of Lorvão, the Jerónimos Bible, and the will of Afonso II of Portugal. Eight gargoyles, sculpted by José Aurélio, watch over the archive. These symbolic figures represent key elements of human history and the archive’s vital mission: preservation of memory. They serve as silent guardians of Portugal’s written heritage. The Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo offers a unique opportunity to connect with Portugal’s past. Within its walls, history comes alive.