Did you know that Upminster Windmill is considered one of the best remaining English smock mills? Welcome to this historic site. It stands proudly in Upminster.
Upminster Windmill was built in 1803. James Nokes, a local farmer, commissioned it. The mill is a Grade II* listed building. This signifies its historical and architectural importance.
Originally named Abraham’s Mill, Upminster Windmill has witnessed many changes. In 1811, a steam engine was added. This increased the mill’s productivity. The rateable value jumped significantly.
The mill’s structure is fascinating. It features a four-storey smock on a single-storey brick base. A stage at the first-floor level allows access to the sails. The boat-shaped cap is turned by a six-bladed fantail.
Imagine the sails turning in the wind. Upminster Windmill originally had common canvas sails. These were later replaced with double shutter patent sails. The windshaft is made of cast iron.
The internal machinery is equally impressive. Four pairs of millstones ground corn. Two pairs were larger than the others. Upminster Windmill used both wind and steam power. At one point, it drove six pairs of millstones.
Over the years, the Upminster Windmill has had several owners. After James Nokes died, his son Thomas took over. Later, Thomas Abraham purchased the mill in 1857. The Abraham family owned it for about a century.
The mill faced many challenges. In 1876, the upright shaft broke. Lightning struck in 1889. In 1900, the windshaft snapped. Despite these setbacks, Upminster Windmill was repaired and continued to operate.
Upminster Windmill ceased commercial operations in 1934. W H Simmonds purchased it. The steam-driven machinery was sold. Essex County Council acquired the mill in the late 1930s.
In 2004, the Upminster Windmill Preservation Trust was granted a lease. The trust is committed to preserving this historic landmark. High winds caused damage in 2007. New sails were fitted in 2008.
Between 2016 and 2023, Upminster Windmill underwent restoration. A visitor centre was constructed. The mill and visitor centre are now open to the public at selected times.
Upminster Windmill offers stunning views. From the top, you can see Canary Wharf and the Crystal Palace transmitter. The surrounding area is known as Windmill Field.
Today, Upminster Windmill stands as a testament to the past. It showcases the ingenuity and hard work of millers. The digital telemetry monitors the cap and sails. This technology is also used at windmills across England and Germany.
The story of Upminster Windmill is one of perseverance and community support. It reminds us of the importance of preserving our heritage. Let’s appreciate this iconic structure.