Perched high above Dazaifu stands Ono Fortress a testament to ancient Japanese ingenuity. This isn’t just any fortress. Ono Fortress is a sprawling complex. It covers an area of 1.5 kilometers east to west and three kilometers north to south. Imagine the sheer scale of this mountain fortress. It’s the largest ancient mountain castle in all of Japan.
Built around 665 AD its construction was a response to fear. The Yamato court feared invasion after the Battle of Hakusukinoe. They enlisted the help of exiled Baekje engineers and artisans. These skilled individuals helped construct a network of fortifications. Ono Fortress was a crucial part of this defense system. It utilized the natural advantages of Mount Shioji. This strategic location provided excellent protection.
The fortress boasts approximately eight kilometers of earthworks and stone walls. These walls are double-layered on the north and south sides. This strengthened the defenses considerably. Nine castle gates have been identified. Archaeological excavations have revealed the remains of about 70 buildings. Many are believed to have been warehouses storing rice and weapons. The Dazaifu Gate was rebuilt in three stages. The Kita Ishigaki Gate has a unique suspended structure. This unique design incorporated bearing metal fittings for gateposts. A first in Japan.
Heavy rains in 2003 caused landslides. Restoration work followed. This revealed rows of stones at the base of the earthworks. A row of postholes was discovered in front of these stones. This suggests additional defensive measures.
Ono Fortress is more than just a military stronghold. Over a century after its construction Shitenno-ji Temple was built. This temple incorporated Buddhist beliefs into the mountain’s defenses. It transitioned the fortress into a place of faith and prayer.
Ono Fortress is a National Special Historic Site. It offers a unique insight into ancient Japanese military architecture and its cultural significance. Stand here and feel the echoes of history. See the strength and resilience of a people preparing for war. Feel the peaceful atmosphere of a place transformed by faith. Ono Fortress is a must see.