Flakfortet

Atop an artificial island, Flakfortet rises from the Øresund. It stands as a sentinel between Copenhagen and Saltholm. Flakfortet, meaning “sand-shoal fortress,” isn’t named for anti-aircraft fire. Its name comes from the Danish word for sand shoal. This hints at its origins, built upon the man-made island of Saltholmrev. Flakfortet was the final piece in Copenhagen’s harbor defense puzzle. Two other artificial islands, Trekroner Fort and Middelgrundsfortet, preceded it. Flakfortet’s guns guarded the Hollænderdybet and Flinterenden channels. These waterways were key approaches to the city. Over time, its role shifted. Flakfortet evolved from coastal artillery to a hub for anti-aircraft weaponry. Its military life ended in 1968. Today, Flakfortet embraces a new purpose. It hosts recreational activities. Think team-building exercises and conferences. A restaurant and yacht moorings add to its allure. During summer, ferries shuttle visitors from Nyhavn. The journey takes about 40 minutes. An overnight hostel offers a unique stay. The story of Flakfortet began between 1910 and 1914. It was part of Copenhagen’s sea fortifications. The island stands 23 meters high and spans 32,000 square meters. Its construction was innovative. Reinforced concrete caissons formed the foundation. This might have been the first use of such structures. These caissons were cast at Lynetten quai on Refshale Island. The last one, however, was cast on Flakfortet itself. The fort’s defenses were spread across two floors. A barracks housed a 550-man garrison. Flakfortet’s initial arsenal was impressive. Four 29 cm M1910 howitzers, six 21 cm M1913 guns, and four 75mm quick-firing guns provided firepower. Later additions included anti-balloon guns, machine guns, and searchlights. Marshall Plan aid in 1950 brought a modernization. Heavy German 105 mm guns, twin-40mm guns, and 20mm anti-aircraft guns joined the fort’s defenses. Some older artillery pieces were retired. Flakfortet remained active until 1957. Briefly, from 1965 to 1968, it housed a HAWK anti-aircraft missile battery. This was a temporary measure while Middelgrundsfortet underwent renovations. After a decade of quiet, the Copenhagen Sailing Association leased the fort. Sadly, this period saw extensive vandalism. In 2001, after being offered for sale, Flakfortet found a new owner. The Swedish company Malmökranen purchased the fort. Flakfortet’s journey from military stronghold to recreational haven speaks to its adaptability. It stands as a testament to ingenuity and a unique landmark in the Øresund.