“On the nose of the ocoquahuitl” is how the locals refer to Ocoyoacac. This intriguing name hints at a rich history. It speaks of a place deeply connected to its natural surroundings. Ocoyoacac’s story stretches back centuries. It is a tale of cultural exchange. It is a story of adaptation and resilience.
The original settlers, the Otomi people, called this place N’dot’i. This means “place where there is a well”. Later, the Nahua people arrived. They named it Tlalcozpan or “over the yellow earth.” Then came Axayácatl. He was the Tenochca tlatoani who conquered the Valley of Matlatzinco. He renamed the site Ocoyoacac. This name comes from the words “ocotl” meaning “ocote pine”. “Yacatl” means “principle, point, or nose”. Finally “co” which is a corruption of “place”. So Ocoyoacac means “in the nose of the ocoquahuitl” or simply “in the nose of the ocotal.” It can also mean “where the ocotes or pines begin.”
Archaeological evidence reveals that Ocoyoacac was inhabited as early as 450 AD. This was during the Classic period. At that time, the Valley of Toluca was home to farming communities of Otomi origin. The Teotihuacan people also settled here. They brought with them new ideas. They also brought customs and fashions. Excavations have unearthed vessels. Also figurines, grinding tools, and stone objects. These show the influence of Teotihuacan culture.
The connection between Ocoyoacac and Teotihuacan is evident. It is seen in the trade of green obsidian. Teotihuacan controlled this trade. Slate and pottery were also imported from the big city. Furthermore, religious practices were adopted. These include the Mesoamerican ballgame. Also the worship of Quetzalcoatl and Tlaloc.
Imagine Ocoyoacac as a vital link. It was a link between the Valley of Toluca and the great metropolis of Teotihuacan. The people of Ocoyoacac sent products to Teotihuacan. They supplied agricultural goods, lake resources, and timber.
After the Spanish conquest, Hernán Cortés appointed Martín Chimaltécatl. He was the cacique of Ocoyoacac. Cortés gave him the title of governor and founder of the town. He tasked him to build a temple. It was to be in honor of San Martín Obispo. The town was then named San Martín Ocoyacac.
Over time, the name evolved. Ocoyacac became San Martín Ocoyoacac. Today, Ocoyoacac proudly carries this name. It is a testament to its enduring history. The municipality remembers its past. It is a blend of indigenous heritage and colonial influence. Ocoyoacac stands as a reminder. It shows us the ever-changing story of Mexico.
And so, as we stand here in Ocoyoacac, remember the echoes of the past. Think of the Otomi farmers. Recall the Teotihuacan settlers. Envision the Spanish conquistadors. Consider how they shaped this land. Feel the weight of history beneath your feet. Let the name “Ocoyoacac” resonate in your mind. It is a name that tells a story. It is a story of a place. The place is “on the nose of the ocoquahuitl.”