Is it possible to create a harmonious living space in a densely populated area? The Siedlung der Straßbahner is proof that it is indeed possible.
This housing estate is one of six Berlin Modernism Housing Estates. These estates gained UNESCO World Heritage status in 2008. They showcase innovative approaches to architecture and urban planning. These innovations significantly improved housing for low-income residents.
Let’s delve into the history and design of the Carl Legien Housing Estate. It offers a unique example of urban living. Radical social and economic changes marked the 1920s. The “Golden Twenties” saw a stronger economy after 1925. The global economic crash of 1929 forced building costs to be slashed. The Carl Legien estate faced this challenge head-on. It is the most central of Berlin’s six World Heritage Sites.
Despite limited space, the apartments were well-equipped. They met the quality standards set in 1924. Each apartment had a separate kitchen and a private bathroom. A balcony or loggia offered views of the surrounding greenery. Bruno Taut adapted his plans to Prussian building regulations. These regulations allowed up to five storeys. He proved his urban planning concept could work in densely populated areas.
The complex is located on both sides of Erich-Weinert-Strasse. Six U-shaped residential courtyards extend from there. Bruno Taut used a single color scheme to identify them. Turquoise-olive green, sky blue and light terracotta red stand in stark contrast. Green lawns and pale beige-white loggias complement these colors.
The five-storey buildings at the front are eye-catching. Corner windows and balconies direct views into the courtyards. Colorful windows and entrance areas offset the monochrome facade. Taut’s signature style is evident in the color contrasts. The door and window constructions and the half-height top storey add character.
Originally, the plan included around 1,700 residential units in three phases. Only two phases with 1,149 units were completed. About 80 percent were one- to two-room apartments. The goal was to make the rent affordable for simple workers. The complex was named after Carl Legien. He was the chairman of the General German Trade Union Federation.
The location in Prenzlauer Berg presented unique challenges. Space limitations meant no room for tenant gardens. However, the complex adhered to the “light, air and sun” slogan. All living spaces faced the green courtyards. Open loggias served as additional rooms in summer. Wall cupboards stored food. Kitchens had sinks and gas stoves. Half-height washhouses improved hygienic conditions.
Since 1995, the vivid colors of the courtyards were refreshed. This was part of a long-overdue facade renovation. The lettering on the corner was restored for the GEHAG housing association’s 90th anniversary.
The Siedlung der Straßbahner demonstrates innovative design. It offers well-equipped apartments, green spaces, and colorful facades. The Siedlung der Straßbahner provides a high quality of life for its residents.