Question. What if I told you that Sanggyeong Middle School embodies South Korea’s intense dedication to education? South Korea’s education system has deep roots in its history. Learning has been prized for centuries. However, education was not readily available to everyone until after the Korean War.
As we stand here in front of Sanggyeong Middle School let’s delve into the story of education in Korea. It is a story of transformation and aspiration. Before 1945 less than 20 percent of Koreans had formal education. The modern system is based on a 1968 charter. The charter recognizes education as an important aspect of citizenship. It defines the government’s role in giving all Korean children access to education.
Education in Korea has been greatly influenced by Confucianism. The glue holding the traditional nobility together was education. It meant being socialized into Confucian norms and virtues. This began in early childhood. Students read Confucian classics. The model figure was the virtuous and learned scholar-official. He was skilled at poetry and statecraft.
The traditional Confucian-style state examinations selected government officials. These exams began in A.D. 788. They continued until 1894. The royal court established a system of schools during the Chosun Dynasty. These schools taught Confucian subjects.
The enormous importance placed on education is a principal reason for the nation’s rapid development. This springs from the Confucian tradition. Entry into government service was by superior merit. This was obtained through years of studying Confucian classics.
South Korea’s education system is known for pushing the limits. It is among the world’s most demanding. Many students meet with private tutors or attend cram schools. Parents obsess over their kids’ achievement. South Korea has among the world’s highest literacy levels.
The Korean public education structure is divided into three parts. First are six years of primary school. This is for children between 6 and 12 years of age. Next are three years of middle school. This is for youth between 12 and 15 years of age. Then are three years of high school. This is for teens between 15 and 18 years of age.
The curriculum is prescribed by law. The well-educated person is healthy independent creative and moral. The primary curriculum includes moral education. It also covers the Korean language social studies mathematics science physical education music fine arts and practical arts. English-language instruction begins in the third grade.
All students in South Korea study English. They begin in primary school. They continue through high school. More high school students are selecting Japanese and Chinese as their second foreign language.
As we conclude our visit to Sanggyeong Middle School remember that education in South Korea is more than just academics. It is about shaping character fostering creativity and preparing students for a globalized world. Sanggyeong Middle School stands as a testament to this enduring commitment.