Is it just me or does this square seem to hum with history? Welcome to Piazza Ruggero Settimo also known as Piazza Politeama. Here stands the magnificent Politeama Garibaldi Theater. It is more than just a building. It is a symbol of Palermo’s vibrant culture and history.
The Politeama Garibaldi’s story began in the late 19th century. Palermo was rapidly changing. The city needed a theater that reflected its growing bourgeois class. Thus, the Politeama was born. Giuseppe Damiani Almeyda designed it. He was tasked with creating a “polytheama”. This meant a theater for various shows. His vision brought Palermo in line with modern European standards.
Construction started in 1867. It wasn’t fully complete until 1891. The theater was inaugurated in 1874. Vincenzo Bellini’s opera “I Capuleti ei Montecchi” was performed. However, it still lacked floors, doors, and a roof. Some even declared the metallic covering impossible.
The Politeama played a vital role in the National Exhibition of 1891-92. It hosted numerous events and performances. Imagine the excitement. King Umberto and Queen Margherita attended the official opening. Verdi’s “Otello” was performed. The celebrated singer Francesco Tamagno sang the leading role. Arturo Toscanini was the star conductor for the 1891-92 season.
The Politeama’s architecture is striking. Its circular structure is inspired by Roman amphitheaters. The triumphal arch at the entrance is a highlight. Above the arch is a bronze quadriga. Mario Rutelli created it. It represents the “Triumph of Apollo and Euterpe”. Benedetto Civiletti modeled the bronze horses and knights. They represent the Olympic games.
Inside, the Politeama could hold 950 spectators. The auditorium features a horseshoe shape. Two tiers of boxes and two terraced sections provide ample seating. The Pompeian-style colors are eye-catching. Gustavo Mancinelli designed the crowning frieze. It depicts the Eleutherian Festivals. He also designed the curtain. It represents Aeschylus at the Court of Hieron at Syracuse. The ceiling is a delicate sky-blue.
The Politeama Garibaldi became the official seat of the Sicilian Symphonic Orchestra in 1951. It hosts a popular concert season. Even today, the Politeama needs restoration. However, it remains a vital landmark. It is often identified as the best-known symbol of the square.
Take a look at the garden outside. You will find delicate sculptures. Valerio Villareale created “Bacchant”. Benedetto De Lisi sculpted “Sylph”. Antonio Ugo made “David”. In front of the theater, there is a marble monument to Ruggiero Settimo. Benedetto De Lisi created it in 1865.
The Politeama revolutionized Palermo’s cultural scene. It filled structural gaps in pre-existing theaters. These included the Carolino Theatre and Santa Cecilia. Damiani Almeyda displayed artistic skill in its design. He combined ironwork construction with Graeco-Sicul forms.
The Politeama stands as a testament to Palermo’s artistic spirit. It is a place where history and culture intertwine. As you leave Piazza Politeama remember the stories this theater holds. It is a treasure in the heart of Palermo.