Observe the four marble lions. Have you ever wondered about their story? This is the Morosini Fountain. Locals often call it simply “the Lions”. It stands as one of Heraklion’s most iconic landmarks. The Morosini Fountain is located in Eleftheriou Venizelou Square. This square is also known as Lions Square.
Back in medieval times, Heraklion faced water shortages. The town was then called Handakas. Many attempts to solve this problem failed. Then, Francesco Morosini stepped in. He was a Venetian noble. Morosini decided to build a 15-kilometer aqueduct. This aqueduct would carry water from Mount Juktas to the town. The Morosini Fountain was constructed in 1628. It was designed by Zorzi Corner, Raffaello Monnani, and Francesco Basilicata. Morosini supervised the aqueduct’s construction. The aqueduct brought water from the springs of the Archanioti gorge. It supplied the city with over 1000 barrels of water daily. The fountain was named in honor of Morosini.
The Morosini Fountain’s design allowed many people to collect water at once. Up to forty people could use it simultaneously. The fountain has seven stone levels. Water gushed from the mouths of the four lions. They flank the eight basins. The lions were a symbol of Venetian power.
Look closely at the fountain’s decorations. You will see Venetian coats of arms. There are also relief sculptures inspired by mythology and the sea. These include tritons, dolphins, and nymphs. Originally, a tall statue of Poseidon stood above the lions. That is why the monument was often called “the giant’s fountain”. Sadly, the statue was later removed or destroyed.
During the Ottoman occupation, the fountain’s form changed. Marble columns were built around the basin’s edge. These columns had a marble strip with a gilded inscription. The relief sculptures were also destroyed. Holes were opened onto the basins for spigots.
But in 1900, the Morosini Fountain was restored to its original design. Now, it attracts visitors from all over the world. The Morosini Fountain marks the inauguration. Morosini saw to the minting of a commemorative medallion. It had his head on one side and the fountain on the other. He also passed special legal ordinances. These related to the fountain’s function and maintenance.
The Morosini Fountain has been a social and cultural hub for centuries. Its central location makes it a natural gathering spot. Historically, it was a key water source. Merchants, travelers, and residents gathered here. It was a bustling center of commerce and social interaction. Today, the Morosini Fountain hosts public events and celebrations. It is a popular meeting place. The surrounding cafes and shops thrive because of the fountain.
Remember the Morosini Fountain. It stands as a testament to Venetian engineering. It is also a symbol of Heraklion’s history and culture.