“Auspicious geomancy” led King Sunjo to this very spot. We are standing at Illeung, the tomb of King Sunjo and Queen Sunwon. Illeung is more than just a burial site. It is a testament to a king’s life and the beliefs of the Joseon Dynasty.
King Sunjo, born Yi Gong in 1790, ascended the throne at a tender age. Only ten years old, he inherited a kingdom upon his father’s death. His reign began under the regency of Queen Dowager Jeongsun. She wielded considerable power.
In 1802, King Sunjo married Lady Kim. She became known as Queen Sunwon. She was the daughter of Kim Jo-sun. Her father was a leader of the Andong Kim clan.
King Sunjo sought to reform politics. His efforts were hampered by the deterioration of governmental principles. The state examination became disordered. Corruption plagued government personnel administration. This led to societal unrest. Riots broke out, including the revolt by Hong Gyeong-nae.
King Sunjo’s reign also saw the implementation of the Ogajaktongbeop. This was a census registration system. It grouped five houses as one unit. Oppression against Catholicism intensified.
Interestingly, King Sunjo sent the last diplomatic envoys to Japan in 1811. Records from that trip inspired the reconstruction of a diplomatic vessel. It can now be seen at the National Maritime Museum of Korea.
After a 35-year reign, King Sunjo died in 1834 at the age of 44. He was initially buried next to Jangneung in Paju. This was near the tomb of King Injo and Queen Inryeol. However, geomancy dictated a change. In 1856, his tomb was moved here to Illeung. Queen Sunwon joined him in this tomb after her death.
Illeung differs from Heolleung. Heolleung has twin mounds connected by railings. King Taejong is entombed in one mound. Queen Wongyeong rests in the other. Illeung, in contrast, features a single mound. King Sunjo and Queen Sunwon share this space.
King Sunjo’s legacy extends beyond his tomb. He faced challenges and sought reforms. Though his efforts were not always successful, they reflect his commitment to his kingdom. He is also portrayed by Kim Seung-soo in the 2016 KBS2 TV series *Love in the Moonlight*.
As we stand here at Illeung, consider the weight of history. Think about the young king. He faced immense responsibilities. He navigated political turmoil. He left his mark on Korea. This tomb is a reminder of his life and reign. It is a place of rest for King Sunjo and Queen Sunwon.