First Church of Christ Scientist

A beacon of healing, the First Church of Christ, Scientist, in Philadelphia, first opened its doors to the world in 1911. But its roots lie deeper in the city’s past. In 1888, a small group began holding Christian Science meetings on Arch Street. This blossomed into a vibrant community with bible classes, a dedicated reading room, and regular services. Mary Baker Eddy, the founder of Christian Science, encouraged them to formally establish a church in 1892. This led to the birth of the First Church of Christ, Scientist, in Philadelphia. They found a temporary home in the Mercantile Library on South 10th Street. In 1903, they moved to the former Beth-Eden Baptist Church at Broad and Spruce Streets. The desire for a permanent home grew. In 1906, a building fund was established. The following year, they secured a lot on Walnut Street, west of 40th. The renowned New York architectural firm of Carrère and Hastings, known for the New York Public Library, was chosen to design the new church. The cornerstone was laid in 1909. A year later, the First Church of Christ, Scientist, on Walnut Street stood complete. Its design was inspired by the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, featuring a central domed sanctuary. The cross-shaped layout, cream-colored masonry, and distinctive red tile roof created a unique blend of ancient inspiration and modern aesthetics. The arched doorways, star-lattice windows, and the brick-paved courtyard added to its distinctive charm. Inside, artist Violet Oakley designed a magnificent chandelier. The First Church of Christ, Scientist, thrived in this location for many years. However, by 1995, the congregation dwindled. They decided to merge with the Fifth Church on Pine Street. The University of Pennsylvania purchased the Walnut Street building. The building, renamed The Rotunda, became a center for arts and performance. The sanctuary and Sunday school rooms were repurposed for concerts and events, continuing a legacy of community gathering in a new form. The First Church of Christ, Scientist, though relocated, left an enduring mark on Philadelphia’s architectural and spiritual landscape.