Arequipa

What makes Arequipa so white? We are standing in the heart of Arequipa, a city nicknamed “The White City”. This name comes from the extensive use of sillar, a white volcanic rock, in its buildings. Arequipa’s history stretches back millennia. Even before the Incas, various cultures inhabited this valley, drawn to its fertile lands and mild climate. The Incas, recognizing its strategic location, made Arequipa a key stop on their trade route. The city as we know it was founded in 1540 by a Spanish lieutenant under orders from Francisco Pizarro himself. It was intended to be a stronghold in this region. Arequipa’s loyalty to the Spanish Crown earned it the title of “Faithful City” in 1805. However, this loyalty didn’t stop the city from becoming a hotbed of political activity throughout its history, earning it the nickname “Warlord City”. Arequipa has been at the center of power struggles and uprisings, shaping Peru’s history through its intellectuals, politicians, and revolutionaries. Look around you. The white sillar buildings stand as testament to Arequipa’s resilience. This unique material not only gives the city its distinctive look but also helped it withstand numerous devastating earthquakes over the centuries. Despite these challenges, Arequipa thrived. It became an important commercial and industrial hub, connecting the coast to the mountains. This strategic location played a vital role in its economic development, particularly in the trade of wool from alpacas, llamas, and sheep. Today, Arequipa holds the title of Peru’s second-largest city. Its architectural beauty, rich history, and vibrant culture attract visitors from all corners of the globe. The heart of Arequipa, its historic city center, has even earned recognition from UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. Arequipa is a city that has constantly redefined itself, adapting and growing while preserving its unique charm. Its story is etched in the sillar walls that surround us, a story of resilience, beauty, and unwavering spirit.