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Chengdu stands as the capital of Sichuan province. This vibrant city boasts a rich history spanning millennia. Its story began over 2300 years ago. It was when the city was constructed in 367 BC. The location of Chengdu has remained unchanged. This makes it a rarity worldwide.
The ancient Shu Kingdom thrived here. Its influence extended across the Chengdu Plain. The Sanxingdui and Jinsha sites bear witness to this era. These sites reveal an exotic civilization.
In 367 BC, a pivotal moment occurred. The king of Shu moved his capital to a new site. He named it Chengdu. The name meant the final capital of Shu Kingdom. This marked the true beginning of Chengdu.
Later Zhang Yi and Sima Cuo expanded Chengdu. By 311 BC, Chengdu mirrored Xianyang. Xianyang was the capital at that time.
The Dujiangyan Irrigation System was completed in 256 BC. This system controlled floods and irrigated land. Chengdu entered a period of rapid development. It became known as the Land of Abundance.
During the Han Dynasty Chengdu was famous for Shu Brocade. Chengdu became the center of lacquer craftwork. It also became the birthplace of tea culture.
In 221 AD, Liu Bei established the Kingdom of Shu in Chengdu. Chengdu became a key city. It was a center in southwest China.
Chengdu was one of China’s four major cities in the Tang Dynasty. Its economy and culture flourished. The earliest printing pieces in the world were found in Chengdu.
In the 10th century, Chengdu was called “Rong Cheng”. This means Hibiscus City. This name came from Meng Chang. He ordered hibiscus planted all over the city wall.
During the Song Dynasty, Chengdu led China’s prosperous cities. It issued the earliest paper currency. This currency was called Jiao Zi.
Wars in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties caused decline. Large-scale immigration helped Chengdu recover.
After 1840, Chengdu declined again. It recovered after the People’s Republic of China was founded.
Today Chengdu thrives as a major city. It maintains its cultural significance. Chengdu is a blend of ancient history and modern development.