From modest beginnings as the Moscow Higher Women’s Courses in 1900, the Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies named after M.V. Lomonosov has undergone a fascinating transformation. It stands here now, a testament to the power of education and innovation. This institute, or MITHT as it’s often called, began with just two departments: history and philosophy, and physics and mathematics. Imagine attending classes here, surrounded by the brightest female minds of the time, eager to delve into the mysteries of science and the arts. Soon, the physics and mathematics department expanded to include mathematics, natural sciences, medicine, and chemical-pharmaceutical studies. The institute quickly outgrew its initial space. The renowned scientist Sergey Chaplygin, known for his work in hydro- and aerodynamics, spearheaded the construction of new buildings on Malaya Pirogovskaya Street.
By the start of World War I, the Moscow Higher Women’s Courses had become a leading educational institution in Russia. The institute, brimming with over 700 students, played a crucial role, graduating over 5,760 specialists. In 1918, it transitioned into the Second Moscow State University, further solidifying its position in the academic landscape. The burgeoning field of chemistry took center stage. Academician S.S. Nametkin, a leading figure in organic chemistry, became the first rector. Under his leadership, the chemical-pharmaceutical department evolved into the chemical and pharmaceutical faculty. Think of the pioneering research being conducted within these walls. Scientists delving into pharmaceutical chemistry, basic chemistry, aniline chemistry, the chemistry of rare elements, coke-benzene chemistry, and organic synthesis.
In the 1920s, the faculty’s influence extended beyond academia. Graduates contributed to factories and groundbreaking research projects. Between 1922 and 1928, the institute published an impressive 300 scientific papers and 11 monographs. A key figure during this era was Professor A.M. Berkenheim, whose work significantly advanced organic and pharmaceutical chemistry in Russia. In 1930, the Second Moscow State University reorganized. From this, the Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies emerged as an independent entity. It adopted its now-familiar name, MITHT, in 1931, marking a pivotal moment in its history. The institute became a driving force in training specialists for high-tech chemical industries. They pioneered educational programs in thin inorganic products, synthetic rubber, synthetic liquid fuels, and organometallic compounds.
During World War II, MITHT played a vital role in the war effort. Here, under Professor N.I. Gelperin’s guidance, the devastating FAB-5000NG bomb was developed. This powerful weapon contributed significantly to the Allied victory. For their contributions to science and the war effort, many MITHT professors, including N.I. Gelperin, received prestigious awards. The postwar era saw continued growth and achievement. Professor N.A. Preobrazhensky’s groundbreaking work on alkaloid synthesis earned him the Stalin Prize in 1952. Simultaneously, advancements in the synthesis of physiologically active piperidine derivatives revolutionized pain management. The institute’s legacy extends beyond traditional chemistry. Academician A.N. Bashkirov achieved a global milestone in 1959 by implementing the industrial technology for higher aliphatic alcohol production. This pioneering work had a lasting impact on various industries. In recognition of its contributions to education and research, MITHT received the Order of the Red Banner of Labour in 1971. The institute eventually achieved university status in 2011. The Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, named after the great M.V. Lomonosov, continues to stand as a symbol of scientific advancement. It carries forward its tradition of blending deep fundamental training with practical application.