Feel the cool breeze carrying the scent of Lake Ontario. This is Highland Creek. Right here in Scarborough it flows into the lake at the eastern end of the Scarborough Bluffs.
Highland Creek isn’t just any creek. It’s a river a meandering waterway with a rich history. For thousands of years First Nations people lived and worked along its banks. Archaeological evidence shows tool-making sites near its mouth. The Helliwell family early settlers collected artifacts spanning 5000 years.
The name itself is a mystery. A 1796 list shows the Mississauga called it Yat-qui-i-be-no-nick meaning “creek comes out under high”. The current name “Highland Creek” may reflect the Scottish heritage of many early settlers.
Highland Creek has four branches. They’ve been altered over time. Much of the creek is now artificially channelled and straightened. This happened in the 1970s after concerns about mosquitoes carrying encephalitis. The changes involved concrete beds and rock cages to control erosion. Small dams even out the flow. The creek even passes through culverts under major streets.
The creek’s valley is a green space. It’s crisscrossed by walking and biking paths. Parks line the creek’s course. These parks provide a welcome escape into nature in the heart of a bustling city. There are interconnected parks with a system of paved paths.
But Highland Creek faces challenges. Development increased water flow causing erosion. The many storm sewers draining into the creek add pollutants. This is a highly urbanized watershed. Only 6% of its land area is forested. This is in contrast to the Rouge River. It has fewer barriers and more wildlife.
Near its mouth are wetlands. Stephenson’s Swamp is a significant area. It’s a rare type of forest swamp. It supports uncommon species like the blue-gray gnatcatcher and the yellow-spotted salamander. It’s a testament to the resilience of nature even in an urban setting.
So next time you’re in Scarborough don’t overlook Highland Creek. It’s more than just a waterway. It’s a living history a testament to the past and a reminder of the natural world’s presence in our city. Take a walk along its banks. Discover its secrets for yourself.