Who would believe that behind this unassuming facade lies a basilica steeped in tales of saints, dukes, and artists? This is the Basilica di Santo Stefano Maggiore. It is a church in Milan with a rich history.
Originally, Santo Stefano was dedicated to Saint Zechariah and Saint Stephen. Later, it became dedicated solely to Saint Stephen in the tenth century. Throughout its existence, Santo Stefano has seen numerous reconstructions and renovations.
The Basilica di Santo Stefano Maggiore is also known as Santo Stefano in Brolo. This refers to the historical name of the area. Another name is Santo Stefano alla Porta. This references the now non-existent postern of Santo Stefano.
Let’s take a journey back in time. The original church was built around 417. The future bishop Martinianus initiated its construction. However, fire consumed it in 1070. It was rebuilt in Romanesque style in 1075.
Now, picture this. It is December 26, 1476. Duke Galeazzo Maria Sforza arrives at Santo Stefano to celebrate the patron saint. But tragedy strikes. He is assassinated right here.
Move forward to September 30, 1571. A momentous occasion. Michelangelo Merisi, whom we know as Caravaggio, is baptized in Santo Stefano. The discovery of his baptismal certificate confirmed this in 2007.
From 1594, Santo Stefano underwent many changes. The apse and main altar were enlarged in the early 17th century. The nave was lengthened. Also, the facade was reconstructed in the mid-17th century. In the late 17th century, the bell tower had to be rebuilt by Gerolamo Quadrio after collapsing in 1642. In the early 18th century, the sacristy was built. Some chapels were modernized in the early 19th century.
Santo Stefano once held the bodies of saints Martinianus, Ausanus, and Mansuetus. These archbishops of Milan were moved to the Milan Cathedral in 1988. St. Charles Borromeo also moved the bodies of saints Leo, Arsazius, Marinus, Mammes, and Agapetus here.
Inside Santo Stefano, look for the Noli me tangere by Fede Galizia from 1616. Also, admire the Transfiguration by Giuliano Cesare Procaccini. Some chapels contain canvases in poor condition. Attributions are uncertain. Look for a Nativity by Fiamminghino. There is also Saint Anne, the Madonna, and Child by Federico Bianchi. Also, a Martyrdom of Saint Stephen is attributed to Francesco Cairo.
Today, Santo Stefano hosts celebrations for Filipino and South American immigrant communities. Despite its central location, Santo Stefano remains a hidden gem. Its size impresses. The length is striking compared to its height and brightness. The stained glass window depicting the Crucifixion, on the altar dedicated to Our Lady of Sorrows, dates back to 1898. Constant Panigati created it.
Santo Stefano stands as a testament to Milan’s history. From assassinations to baptisms, it has witnessed centuries of change.