Ensconced within Beijing’s vibrant Niujie area stands a testament to time: the Niujie Mosque. It is Beijing’s oldest mosque. This sacred space has served the Muslim community for over a millennium.
The Niujie Mosque was founded in 996 during the Liao dynasty. Imagine the city then. It was a different world. The mosque reflects both Islamic and Chinese cultures. Its architecture blends traditional Chinese forms with Islamic calligraphy.
Originally designed by Nazaruddin the mosque faced destruction in 1215 by Genghis Khan’s armies. Yet, it was reborn in 1443 during the Ming Dynasty. It expanded significantly in 1696 under the Qing Dynasty.
Emperor Chenghua gave the Niujie Mosque the name Libaisi in 1474. However, its location in Niujie or Oxen Street led to its popular name. Niujie means Oxen Street. The area was known for halal beef and mutton during the Qing dynasty. Even today Muslim grocery stores line the street. Arabic signs mark their presence.
Step inside the Niujie Mosque. You will see a main prayer hall spanning 600 square meters. It can accommodate over 1000 worshipers. The building uses timber. It houses cultural relics. Among them is an upright tablet. It bears an emperor’s decree from 1694.
The Niujie Mosque follows traditional Chinese architectural norms. It features two courtyards. These courtyards follow the Siheyuan layout. Within these walls are a worship hall. There is also the Wangyue Building. Do not forget the Building for Publicising Etiquette, and a lecture hall. There is also a Tablet Pavilion. Twin Pavilions and bathrooms complete the ensemble.
Inside the Niujie Mosque you can discover an ancient Quran over 300 years old. Tombs of Arabian sages rest here. There is an incense burner from the Ming Dynasty. The mosque’s library safeguards ancient manuscripts.
Non-Muslims cannot enter the prayer hall. However, mosque staff welcomes visitors. They are happy to share their beliefs. The China Islamic Institute is nearby. It sits at the corner of Nanheng W Road and Jiaozi Hutong.
The government uses the Niujie Mosque as a site for visiting delegations. These delegations come from Islamic countries. Tourists both Chinese and foreign visit the Niujie Mosque.
The Niujie Mosque faced renovations in 1955, 1979, and 1996. A master plan in 2002 ensured its preservation. It included a grassy area and square around the mosque.
As you leave the Niujie Mosque consider its enduring legacy. It is a symbol of cultural harmony. It has served as a spiritual anchor. It is a testament to Beijing’s diverse heritage.