Lost in time, the Torre di Dentro stands as a sentinel of Palermo’s past. This tower is not just a structure. It is a testament to the city’s resilience. Let’s delve into the history of this imposing edifice.
The Torre di Dentro, also known as Torre di San Nicolò, rises proudly near the bustling Mercato di Ballarò. Built in the 13th century, this hefty square defensive tower was constructed with solid stone blocks. Its original purpose was military. It served as a crucial component of the city’s defense system.
The tower’s full name is quite a mouthful: San Nicolò di Bari all’Albergheria. It stands adjacent to the church of the same name. This connection underscores its historical and community significance. The Universitas Palermitana commissioned the tower’s construction. It was intended to protect the walls of the Cassaro. This shows how vital the tower was for security.
Originally, the Torre di Dentro was detached and isolated from the church. This design highlights its primary function as a civic defense structure. Over time, as Palermo expanded, the tower’s defensive role diminished. Consequently, efforts were made to embellish its stern appearance.
Look closely at the second level. You’ll notice bifore, or double-arched windows. These were added with intricate carvings. They softened the tower’s austere look. The windows display a unique artistic expression with simple designs, severe proportions, and plastic beauty. This experimentation foreshadowed the more elaborate windows of the Steri Palace.
Inside, the Torre di Dentro is divided into four levels. The first level features cross-vault ceilings. A masonry staircase leads to the second floor. Here, a spiral staircase dating back to the medieval period ascends to the upper floors. It eventually reaches the rooftop. Today, the church bells of San Nicolò reside on the roof. The church remains an active parish.
Around 1518, a clock was installed. It was one of three public clocks in Palermo. Historical records from the Palermitan Senate mention this addition. The clock announced the “castiddana”. This was a signal for artisans to close their shops. It also warned the public not to wander the streets without permission. Those caught faced fines. The “castiddana” involved striking the bell fifty-two times at two in the morning. This marked the beginning of the new day according to the Italian count. The clock is no longer visible. It was removed during 20th-century restorations. The restoration also removed the tower’s spire. The earthquake of 1726 had damaged it.
One of the Torre di Dentro’s most remarkable features is the panoramic view from its terrace. From this vantage point, you can see Palermo’s historical monuments. These include the Cupola of the Chiesa del Carmine Maggiore, the Mercato di Ballarò, and the Cupola Chiesa del Gesù. You can also spot the cupolas of the Chiesa di Santa Caterina D’Alessandria and the Chiesa di San Giuseppe dei Teatini. Other landmarks include Castello Utvegio, Monte Pellegrino, and the Chiesa di Sant’Ignazio. The Teatro Massimo, Cupola chiesa Santissimo Salvatore, and the Cupola Chiesa di Santa Chiara are also visible. You might also see the Liceo Benedetto Croce, Palazzo Conte Federico, and Palazzo Sclafani. The Cattedrale, Porta Nuova, Palazzo Reale, Chiesa di San Giuseppe Cafasso, and Chiesa di San Francesco Saverio complete the stunning vista.
The Torre di Dentro offers the best view of Palermo’s old city. Its domes, bell towers, and rooftops create a breathtaking scene. The tower stands as a reminder of Palermo’s rich history. Its stones whisper tales of defense, adaptation, and enduring beauty.