Founded in 1919 the Commandment Keepers Ethiopian Hebrew Congregation stands as a testament to faith resilience and cultural identity. This Harlem landmark wasn’t always a synagogue. It began its life as a grand five-story townhouse built for John Dwight a bicarbonate soda magnate. Imagine the opulence the astronomical observatory on the roof. The building’s neo-Renaissance style speaks to its luxurious past.
The Commandment Keepers’ story is intertwined with that of Rabbi Wentworth Arthur Matthew. He founded the congregation during the Harlem Renaissance and the Marcus Garvey movement. Matthew a self-taught rabbi instilled in his followers a unique blend of Black and Jewish identities. They saw themselves as descendants of the Lost Tribes of Israel. This belief connected their African heritage with their Jewish faith.
The congregation’s early years were challenging. They initially rented spaces on 135th Street. The Great Depression almost broke them. Rabbi Matthew worked as a janitor to keep the congregation afloat. They eventually found a home at 1 West 123rd Street in 1962 acquiring the building for a mere $50 from the City of New York. The building became more than just a place of worship. It was a hub for community gatherings and a symbol of their reclaimed identity.
The interior was transformed to suit their needs. The second floor became the main sanctuary. Existing walls were removed to create a large space. The congregation added Stars of David and other Jewish symbols throughout the building. The exterior too reflects their identity. A sign proudly displayed their name and the words Beth Ha Tefilah Headquarters. They even used the building’s portico for their golden anniversary celebration.
After Rabbi Matthew’s death in 1973 the congregation faced internal conflicts. A power struggle erupted. This sadly led to the sale of the historic building. The building’s sale sparked controversy and protests. Today the building is owned by Darryl Pinckney and James Fenton. They’re undertaking restoration efforts. Yet the legacy of the Commandment Keepers Ethiopian Hebrew Congregation continues. It serves as a powerful reminder of a community’s struggle for identity and self-expression. The congregation’s story is one of faith perseverance and the enduring power of cultural heritage.