Journey back in time. We are standing before the Mei Lanfang Tomb a tribute to one of China’s most celebrated artists.
Mei Lanfang was no ordinary performer. He was the “Queen of Peking Opera.” He was known for his captivating female lead roles. Specifically, he was known for his portrayal of “verdant-robed girls.” These were young or middle-aged women known for their grace.
Born in Beijing in 1894, Mei Lanfang came from a family steeped in Peking Opera and Kunqu traditions. Kunqu included drama, ballet, opera, poetry and music. Imagine a young Mei Lanfang, just eight years old. He started rigorous training in acting, singing, and acrobatics. At 11, he debuted at the Guanghe Theatre. He played a weaving girl.
Over his 50-year career, Mei Lanfang always worked on new techniques. He became renowned for his skillful portrayal of women. His smooth, perfectly timed style became known as the “Mei School.” He also helped preserve the Kunqu performance tradition. His interpretations of Du Liniang in “The Peony Pavilion” and Bai Suzhen in “Legend of the White Snake” were particularly noted.
Mei Lanfang was a pioneer. He was the first to spread Beijing Opera internationally. He engaged in cultural exchanges with Japan, the United States, and other countries. During his tours, he befriended Western contemporaries such as Charlie Chaplin. In 1930, he visited Hollywood. He received a warm welcome from Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford. His performances impressed Bertolt Brecht. This influenced Brecht’s concept of the alienation effect.
In 1937, the Marco Polo Bridge Incident occurred. The Imperial Japanese Army occupied Beijing. The Japanese Army ordered Mei Lanfang to perform for them and offered him a high-ranking official position. Mei refused. He refused to sing throughout the war. He endured an impoverished lifestyle until the war ended in 1945.
After 1949, Mei Lanfang took on several important roles. He was the director of the China Beijing Opera Theater. He was the director of the Chinese Opera Research Institute. Also, he was the vice-chairman of the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles. In 1959, he joined the Chinese Communist Party.
Beyond his artistic achievements, Mei Lanfang was also a philanthropist. In 1924, he learned about the Great Kanto earthquake in Japan. He went to Japan to perform and raise funds. He helped those affected by the disaster.
Mei Lanfang’s legacy extends beyond his lifetime. His life story was filmed in the documentary “The Worlds of Mei Lanfang” in 2000. In 2008, Chen Kaige directed “Forever Enthralled.” It is a film biography of Mei’s life.
As you stand here at the Mei Lanfang Tomb, remember the “Queen of Peking Opera.” Remember his dedication to his art. Remember his international influence. Think about his resilience during times of war. His story continues to inspire artists and audiences worldwide.