“Conflict” that split the Presbyterian Church in Korea in 1953. Today we explore the Presbyterian Church in the Republic of Korea, also known as KiJang. This ecumenically minded Presbyterian denomination has a fascinating story. It faced theological hardships that led to a major division.
The Presbyterian Church in Korea has its roots in 1902. The first General Assembly convened in 1912. Missionaries from Australia, Canada, and America played a crucial role in its early growth. The church faced significant challenges during the Japanese occupation. The Pyungyang Seminary was forced to close in 1938. Some leaders even went into exile.
In 1939, Chosun Seminary opened its doors in the south. It became a nucleus for KiJang. Unlike Pyungyang Seminary, Chosun Seminary adopted a progressive theological approach. In 1946, the Presbyterian Church of Korea embraced Chosun Seminary.
However, theological differences soon emerged. Dr. Kim Jae-Joon, President of the Seminary, published an essay. It ignited a fierce debate between conservative and progressive theological viewpoints. Dr. Park Hyung-Ryong and 51 students left the seminary in 1947. The Assembly recognized this new seminary. Two competing seminaries now existed under the General Assembly’s umbrella. The Assembly advocated for uniting the two seminaries. It soon became clear that the theological position of Chosun Seminary was not tolerable.
The Presbyterian Church faced theological hardships in 1953. These were due to the theology, methods, and biblical study taught at Chosun Theological Seminary. The conservative wing rejected these teachings. This disagreement led to the split. The Presbyterians divided into the Presbyterian Church in Korea and the Presbyterian Church in the Republic of Korea.
KiJang is committed to Missio Dei. This is God’s work of salvation in society. It values dialogue, engagement, diversity, and reconciliation. The church serves marginalized communities. These include the disabled, farmers, and the elderly. They also include orphans, migrant workers, and the unemployed.
KiJang has been a strong voice for democratization. It also supports human rights and reunification. The church courageously protested against military dictatorship governments. It initiated humanitarian aid to North Korea.
The Presbyterian Church in the Republic of Korea has a strong commitment to ecumenism. It maintains partnerships with churches worldwide. Notably, it was the first Presbyterian denomination in Korea. It ordained women as elders in 1956. It also ordained women as ministers in 1974. In 1998, a woman elder was elected as lay vice-moderator. This was a first in Korean Presbyterian history.
Recognizing the problem of sectarianism, KiJang has led dialogues. These dialogues among Presbyterian denominations led to forming the Council of Presbyterian Churches.
In 2003, KiJang launched a Jubilee proclamation. This declaration outlined its mission. It includes working for justice and peace. It aims to restore the earth’s environment. It seeks to transform materialism and violence. The mission promotes reconciliation. It supports the peaceful reunification of Korea. It desires to unite divided churches. It strives for equality and harmony. It encourages sharing and serving with love.
Today the Presbyterian Church in the Republic of Korea stands as a testament. It shows the power of faith. It highlights dedication to social justice and unity. Remember its journey. It faced division and emerged as a beacon. It shines for inclusivity and service.